Skin and nails

An initial general examination of the condition of the skin and nails is performed to understand the cause that triggered a skin or nail problem.

The problem could be caused by a shoe, incorrect support and other factors. Treatment usually begins by considering the least painful point, to give the patient a way to relax and familiarise him or herself with the situation.

Sometimes it is a question of reducing a thickening of the skin or types of hyperkeratosis; if these do not present inflammation, their treatment is painless. After having treated any thickenings, the surface is cut and then moulded with a micromotor. If after the thickening has been removed any epidermal redness is revealed, the red section must be covered with a non-woven patch. This is to avoid contact of the treated part with the part that caused the problem as much as possible. Lastly a good moisturiser completes the treatment, restoring an elastic tone to the skin.

The following treatments can be carried out.

Problems regarding skin

Plantar hyperkeratosis: Callosity in the sole of the foot, often caused by incorrect support or overloading during walking.

Interdigital Callus (Corns): Callosity between toes or above them, often with a broken capillary inside, painful, often caused by friction with the shoe.

Plantar wart: virus from frequent contact with contagions in humid environments such as saunas, etc..

Problems regarding Nails

Psoriasis: presence of depressions, erosions, punctiform on nail plate and some forms of eczema.

Hyperkeratosis: detachment of an edge of the nail. Can be subungual and periungual callus. They are very painful small calluses, as a result of an altered relationship between bones and shoes. Often it is the pressure of the fingers adjacent to promote their growth.

Onychia and Onychogryphosis: enlargement and deformation of the nail, due to trophic disorders of vascular nature (as in peripheral arterial, venous diseases and in the diabetic foot), the mechanical disturbances such as, inadequate shoes (wrong size), malposition or fingers and foot deformations. The Onychogryphosis is more severe, tends to change and deform the same matrix. In addition to an increase in the volume, we find an alteration of the bed and nail matrix. A particular case of compensatory hypertrophy is constituted by the presence of a callus in the nail bed.

The atrophic nail: the biomechanical events and circulatory deficits lead to increased ischemia especially charged with hallux reduction in production of the matrix. The nail is dull, striped and colorful: ashen, reddish, bluish. We have also the fall of the nail, often associated with a vascular or neurological foot that frequently affects the elderly.

Onychomycosis: the nail thickens progressively assuming a color tending to yellowish because of fungal growth, itching in the minute vesicles can be present.

Ingrown toenails: penetration of nail margin into the flesh, with bacterial infection. Initially ingrowth appears, as a granuloma reddish periungual followed by bleeding that tends to expand rapidly, becoming purulent. The condition is very sore and limiting walking and making it difficult to use the normal footwear. In advanced cases the affected area is warm and pulsating, fever can also be present.

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